Imagine a cook who has worked in a shared accommodation kitchen for five years. Every morning, before anyone else is awake, they arrive and face the same question they have faced every single day.
How many people will eat today?
They do not know. They cannot know. There is no system to tell them. So they look at yesterday's count, think about the day of the week, and make their best guess. Then they cook.
This cook is not careless. They are doing exactly what any reasonable person would do with the information available — which is no information at all. In five years, this cook has made approximately 5,475 guesses. Every time the guess was wrong, food went into a bin. Not because anyone wanted it wasted. Because no one built a system to prevent it.